Flavors yog tsim los ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj cov organic tebchaw nrog tsw, nyob rau hauv cov organic molecules muaj tej yam aromatic pawg. lawv tau ua ke nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub molecule, thiaj li hais tias flavors muaj ntau hom tshuaj tsw qab thiab aroma.
Qhov hnyav molecular feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 26 thiab 300, soluble hauv dej, ethanol lossis lwm cov kuab tshuaj organic. Lub molecule yuav tsum muaj ib pawg atomic xws li 0H, -co -, -NH, thiab -SH, uas yog hu ua pawg aromatic los yog aromatic pawg. Cov plaub hau no ua rau cov ntxhiab tsw tsim cov stimuli sib txawv, ua rau tib neeg sib txawv ntawm cov xyab.
Classification ntawm Flavors
Raws li lub hauv paus yuav muab faib ua tej yam ntuj tso flavors thiab hluavtaws flavors. Ntuj tsw tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsiaj ntuj tsw thiab cog ntuj tsw. Synthetic spices tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom sib cais, tshuaj synthesis thiab blending flavors, hluavtaws flavors muab faib ua semi-synthetic flavors thiab tag nrho cov khoom hluavtaws.
Ntuj Flavors
Ntuj flavour yog hais txog tus thawj thiab unprocessed ncaj qha mus thov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag; Los yog fragrances muab rho tawm los yog refined los ntawm lub cev txhais tau tias tsis hloov lawv cov thawj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Natural flavours muaj xws li tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag ntuj flavors ob pawg.
Tsiaj natural flavors
Tsiaj tej yam ntuj tso flavors ntau yam tsawg, feem ntau yog rau secretion los yog excretion ntawm cov tsiaj, muaj li ntawm ib tug kaum os hom tsiaj flavors muaj rau daim ntawv thov, tam sim no siv ntau yog: musk, ambergris, civet xyab, castorean plaub tsiaj flavors.
Nroj tsuag ntuj tsw
Nroj tsuag ntuj tsw yog lub hauv paus ntawm ntuj tsw, hom nroj tsuag tsw yog nplua nuj, thiab cov kev kho mob muaj ntau haiv neeg. Tib neeg tau pom tias muaj ntau dua 3600 hom tshuaj tsw qab, xws li mint, lavender, peony, jasmine, cloves, thiab lwm yam, tab sis tsuas yog 400 hom kev siv tau zoo tam sim no. Raws li lawv cov qauv, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua terpenoids, aliphatic pawg, pawg muaj ntxhiab thiab nitrogen thiab sulfur compounds.
hluavtaws tsw
Synthetic flavour yog ib tug tsw compound npaj los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis siv natural raw khoom los yog tshuaj raw khoom. Tam sim no, muaj txog 4000 ~ 5000 hom hluavtaws hluavtaws raws li cov ntaub ntawv, thiab txog li 700 hom feem ntau siv. Nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj flavour tam sim no, hluavtaws flavors account rau txog 85%.
Perfume cais tawm
Perfume isolates yog ib qho tshuaj tsw qab uas yog lub cev lossis tshuaj cais tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab ntuj. Lawv muaj ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab meej molecular qauv, tab sis muaj ib tug tsw, thiab yuav tsum tau siv nrog rau lwm yam ntuj los yog hluavtaws fragrances.
Semi-synthetic tsw
Semi-synthetic tsw yog ib yam khoom tsw uas ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom cua tsw. Tam sim no, ntau tshaj 150 hom khoom siv tshuaj tsw qab semi-synthetic tau raug industrialized.
Siab hluavtaws tsw
Cov khoom hluavtaws tag nrho yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tau txais los ntawm ntau cov kauj ruam chemical synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm petrochemical lossis thee chemical khoom ua cov khoom siv raw. Nws yog ib qho "artificial raw material" npaj raws li txoj kev tsim hluavtaws. Muaj ntau tshaj 5,000 hom hluavtaws flavors nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab muaj ntau tshaj li 1,400 hom hluavtaws tsw tso cai nyob rau hauv Suav teb, thiab ntau tshaj 400 hom khoom siv.
Flavor blending
Kev sib xyaw yog hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog ntau lossis txawm tias ntau ntau cov khoom qab zib (natural, hluavtaws thiab cais cov txuj lom) nrog rau qee yam aroma lossis tshuaj tsw qab uas tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau cov khoom tsw, tseem hu ua essence.
Raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm flavours hauv kev sib xyaw, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua tsib ntu: tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab, thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab, kev hloov kho, cov tshuaj tsw qab ruaj khov thiab cov tshuaj tsw qab. Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb ntu: lub taub hau aroma, lub cev aroma thiab lub hauv paus aroma raws li qhov tsw volatility thiab tuav lub sijhawm.
Classification ntawm aroma
Poucher luam tawm ib txoj hauv kev los faib cov aromas raws li lawv cov aroma volatility. Nws tau soj ntsuam 330 cov tshuaj tsw qab ntuj thiab hluavtaws thiab lwm yam tshuaj tsw qab, muab faib ua thawj, lub cev thiab thawj cov tshuaj tsw qab raws li lub sijhawm lawv nyob hauv daim ntawv.
Lub Poucher muab ib coefficient ntawm "1" rau cov uas nws aroma ploj nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li ib hnub, "2" rau cov uas nws aroma ploj nyob rau hauv tsawg tshaj li ob hnub, thiab thiaj li nyob rau ntau tshaj ntawm "100", tom qab ntawd nws tsis muab qhab nia lawm. Nws faib 1 mus rau 14 raws li lub taub hau fragrances 15 mus rau 60 raws li lub cev fragrances thiab 62 mus rau 100 raws li lub hauv paus fragrances los yog tsau fragrances.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-23-2024